People have used lots of different things to barter and measure wealth throughout history. But, most seem to trace back to either coins or cows.
For example, the word “money” comes from the Latin moneta, which is a shortening of the phrase Juno Moneta, the temple in Rome where they minted coins. So, “money” is named after the place where they make coins.
However, a very different example is the word “cash”. This comes from the Latin word capsa, which is just a box or a case (the word “case” also comes from capsa). Originally, “cash” could just refer to a cash box, where you would collect money, such as if you had a small business. But, over time, “cash” started to just be a general term for the money itself.
Another word is “pecuniary”. Pecuniary is a big word that just means “having to do with money”. It comes from the Latin word pecus, meaning “cattle”. This is because, for a long time, wealth was measured in how much livestock you owned. In fact, the common word in Latin for “money” was pecunia.
And this is not unique among European languages. Many words in other languages have their roots tracing back to cattle. One example is in Spanish, where the word for “to earn wages” is ganar, and the word for “cattle” is ganado.